An obvious explanation of feminist literary criticism is the use of feminist philosophy to analyse texts of old and new to determine how a particular work depicts men and women. Elaine Showalter, in her “Towards a Feminist Poetics” introduces the concept of gynocriticism, a criticism of gynotexts, by women who are not passive consumers but active producers of meaning. An important text of the first wave is Virginia Woolf‘s A Room of One’s Own (1929), which asserted the importance of woman’s independence, and through the character Judith (Shakespeare’s fictional sister), explicated how the patriarchal society prevented women from realising their creative potential. Feminism and gender criticism cannot be considered separately. Incidentally Toril Moi also classifies the feminist movement into three phases — the female (biological), the feminist (political) and the feminine (cultural). Jane Austen addresses many important issues about feminism and she has to conceal it as otherwise she won’t have any possibility to keep with her literary career. One should understand that choosing to be or not to be a feminist for a woman is her own obligation as any adult should be responsible for his future and there is no such concept as ‘normal’ lifestyle in the ethical or moral sense. You can focus on various aspects as you examine the author’s perspective of women. It also has associations with alternate sexualities, postcolonialism (Linda Hutcheon and Spivak) and Ecological Studies (Vandana Shiva). Essays on feminism normally analyze feminism issues depicted in novels or the society, highlighting female characters, and particularly their roles in the story. Feminism is a clash of women against patriarchy. The Social and Feminist Influences of Austen and Shakespeare Feminist thought is a movement truly indicative of a dynamic society. This theory does not stand for rising of women over men but having equal rights and freedoms. Women in the past have rose against their oppression of not being given equal rights as to their counterparts, the men. All feminist activity, including feminist theory and literary criticism, has as its ultimate goal to change the world by prompting gender equality. Mary Ellmann‘s Thinking about Women (1968), Kate Millett‘s Sexual Politics (1969), Betty Friedan‘s The Feminine Mystique (1963) and so on mark the major works of the phase. Talking about one particular anthology of ‘male feminist’ criticism she observes that ‘[i]n an unusually strong post-feminist irony, the final essay of this volume which banishes women from its list of contributors is a complaint about the way heterosexual men have become invisible within feminism!’ (Modleski, 1991: 12). Feminist Literary Criticism rejects patriarchal norms in literature that privileges masculine ways of thinking and marginalizes women politically, economically and psychologically. Nikita Nankov February 10, 2013 Feminism in literature Feminism is defined as a collection of movements and ideologies that are focused on establishing equal economic, political, and social rights for women. When it comes to English literature of the late XVIII, literary theories and feminism is one of the most debatable topics. She attacks male thinker a… Feminism in literature is not strictly limited to female writers; an example of this is James Joyce. An obvious explanation of feminist literary criticism is the use of feminist philosophy to analyse texts of old and new to determine how a particular work depicts men and women. There is a big misconception of the feminist movement. 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